Классика Алмазного огранщика: Верхний Срединный путь — Великие книги мудрости, занятие 2

[Geshe Michael Roach]
I gotta look up a word here that I don't know, which is lakpe. Lakpe, I don't know, is it a hand lotus? Yeah, but it doesn't make, I don't know, it's not a mistake.

And it's in the scan I saw, yeah. I checked this out too. It's gotta be a poetic, I'm gonna go on the assumption that it's a poeticism.

Lotus hand? Hmm, hmm, it's not there. Let's see if it's in Das.

[Student]
I checked all of them, I didn't find it.

[Geshe Michael Roach]
Okay, let's see if anyone's used it in all of the history of Tibetan literature.

[Student]
Okay.

[Geshe Michael Roach]
Yeah, here it's used in the same context. There's a sum. There's probably something about a lotus there, right, because it's closing.

Oh, it's in C. Sum means to close or shut, right?

[Student]
Yeah.

[Geshe Michael Roach]
Z-U-M? It doesn't help. Yeah, it's a different word.

Oh, I think I got it. I'm gonna take it to mean this. Okay, like, close your hands at the top of your head.

Like petals of a flower. I'm gonna take it that way. It's very obscure.

Let's take it that way and see what happens. Yeah, I think that's correct. Okay, the title is a no-brainer.

Here's a commentary to the 60 Verses on Reasoning. Okay, read it in Tibetan. R-I-P-P-A-J-U-P-E-T-I-K-A Tika.

Tika. Tika. Retroflex.

Tika. R-I-P-P-A-J-U-P-E-T-I-K-A R-I-P-P-A-J-U-P-E-T-I-K-A You and Contain is a commentary to the 60 Verses on Reasoning written by... Nagarjuna.

Ludrup. Ludrup. Okay, so yesterday, two days ago, I embarrassed myself.

I chose a book by Nagarjuna which nobody ever tried to work on, which is a response to an obscure Hindu school. Okay, and I don't think we should go there. This one is a very famous presentation on emptiness.

It's quoted 532 times in the Sungbum. The other one is mentioned twice, okay, in lists of Nagarjuna's work. So, I think we go for this one.

And I read it, and I think it's very beautiful. And Gyaltsab Je... Gyaltsab Je is unbelievable.

He's Je Tsongkapa's main student. Gyaltsab means the person who held the throne after Tsongkapa. His name means that.

What's his real name? Darma Rinchen. Yeah, Dharma, which is not D-H-A-R. It's D-A-R, which just means to spread the teachings, okay?

It's not D-H-A-R, okay? Okay, here we go. A very difficult poetry at the beginning, okay?

Chöying. Chöying is what you sometimes have translated as like the realm of Is. Yeah, or...

The sphere that is beyond all meaning. Yeah, the sphere of the Dharma or something. It means emptiness.

It means the realm of all things. Ying, Ying, say Ying. It's that high tone, after a D.

Ying. Chöying.

[Student]
Chöying.

[Geshe Michael Roach]
By the way, Ying in colloquial is a very interesting word, and it means to have an interest in.

[Student]
Huh, like a realm?

[Geshe Michael Roach]
It's called D-L-Y-I-N-G. He has a lot of interest in this. Ying Yomane.

He's not interested. Okay, you'll hear it. Chöying.

Chöpa kun. All light emanates or something? Or all emanations?

This chöpa means... What's that word I use? Elaboration.

Okay, some people use the word elaboration. A husband that you think is not coming from you is called chöpa. Oh, and elaboration, not elaborating.

And elaboration, yeah. Meaning a figment. Yeah, yeah.

Figment might be cool. Yeah, I like that word. Okay, figment in English means something fake, or you just imagining that, you know.

Like a full payment for the translators this term is a figment of your imagination. We always say a figment of your imagination. So figment means it only exists in your mind.

It's a... Okay, you got it. I don't know if Dr. Wu is listening. Chöka, so all figments. It means made-up things. Chöpa normally means...

It's what light rays do from the sun.

[Student]
Yeah, that's what I thought.

[Geshe Michael Roach]
To shine forth. But in philosophy, it means a made-up object. Okay, so chöying chö kun nyerwar shi.

Completely peaceful. Put to rest. Okay, when you use upa with shanti, it means put to rest.

Upa? Okay, put to rest in English means to stop. Put to rest your doubts.

Put to rest your worries means don't worry. Here's the kha [?]. I thought it was fortress, yeah.

No, we were joking. It's locative on nam kha. Oh, oh.

Yeah, that's why I wrote your fortress of peace the other day and you're like, that's not it. Okay, so in the sky of the ultimate peace, where you have put to rest, in the sky of emptiness, so chöying is the kha, okay? In the sky of the realm of...

of the reality or something. Ether. All elaborations have been put to rest.

Okay, there's no more made-up objects. No more husband who's not your fault. They've all been put to rest.

And that's compared to the sky. When you see emptiness directly, it feels a little bit like the sky. Empty space, okay?

Nyer shiwa, okay, kar. So in that sky of emptiness, which is the absence of all elaborations, figments of the mind, okay? This kinkor, shar.

This mandala rises. Yeah, now kinkor, the original meaning is... What's the original meaning of mandala?

Disc? Disc. No, just a flat disc like a...

Alka-Seltzer tablet. Or an LP. Yeah, it means a shape like...

This is a kinkor shape, okay? That's kinkor, mandala. That's the original meaning of the shape, because there was an earring made for it.

Okay, called mandala. Okay, so that came... Because Buddhists think the world is flat and shaped like this.

So that came to mean the world. And the Spanish word for world is... Mundo.

Mundo, comes from mandala. Yeah, yeah. If you're really curious, I won't do it.

There's a nice song called Uno Mundo. Uno mundo, one world. Okay.

So the kinkor, that disc, like, it's normally the disc of the sun or the disc of the moon, okay? Shar, rising. Now, what does that disc represent?

Your thugje. Your holy, great compassion. Your compassion.

The planet of your compassion rises on the horizon. Okay? And it means the sun.

Because what it's going to do is ge anyuku. It's going to send out an emanation. Oh, a spread.

Yeah, anyuku. An emanation. Oh no, a sprout.

[Student]
A sprout, okay? A sprout, okay? Yeah, yeah, yeah.

[Geshe Michael Roach]
So when that sun rises, of his teacher's compassion, who's his teacher?

[Student]
Oh, uh, this is, you're talking about Je Tsongkapa.

[Geshe Michael Roach]
Yeah, this is Gyaltsab Je. Yeah, I'm trying to get back to him. When the sun of my teacher's compassion rises, it shines, the light shines, and my mind, daklo depa, depa.

Isn't that my faith? Yeah, the faith of my heart. So sometimes mind is heart, in English.

The faith in my heart, not just sprout, gyepa. Widely, sprouts widely. How do you say that?

Yeah, it means to open, but to also spread. Yeah, yeah, yeah. So you have, you know, not just, you know, be, it means, it means when I see the sun of your love, then my faith will, phew, opens up.

Yeah.

[Student]
Okay. Okay.

[Geshe Michael Roach]
So I would read the fourth line this way, and I may be way off, but I don't think I am. I close the lotus petals of my hands at the top of my head, and I do, and I bow to you. So closing the lotus petals of my hands at the top of my head, I bow to you.

Yeah. Rinpoche, when he was giving me a piece of candy or something, I mean I'd come home from work and I'd be exhausted, I'd be like, he'd say mik tsum.

[Student]
Mik tsum.

[Geshe Michael Roach]
Close your eyes. Kadong.

[Student]
Open your mouth?

[Geshe Michael Roach]
Yeah. Then he'd put a piece of candy and he'd say, there you are, go take a rest, you know. Mik tsum.

So tsum means, to close. Tsum in colloquial means close your eyes. Yes.

Okay? Tsum. Okay.

I was with that car the other time, yeah. Yeah, that car has thrown off a few people already. By the way, if I were doing a hypertext dictionary, I might put that in as an entry, just to save people's brains.

Oh no. The first version though. I might put it in, in the sky, as a separate dictionary entry, just to keep translators from committing suicide.

We would do that. Yeah, we would. Yeah, we would.

Car? No, we wouldn't. We'd do in the sky.

Anyway, that's your guys' problem.

[Student]
No, now we would. You just want people, I do that.

[Geshe Michael Roach]
You want them to suffer, that's up to you. Okay. Kang shi, this is that poetic device where you say, to the one, whoever it may be.

Kang shi, to that one. By the way, he's going to chak tsal lo. Yeah, yeah, yeah.

I bow down to that one. To that one, who, kye chik, momentarily? Yeah, even a moment, yi la, in my mind, chen pa, remembers.

If I just think of you, recollect you. Oh, for even a moment, I recollect?

[Student]
Yeah.

[Geshe Michael Roach]
You're the person, that if I just think of you for a single moment, in my mind, you know, if I think of, I don't know, maybe you can, maybe you can't. My mouth starts to water. Something's going to happen, key, but instrumental, right?

Yeah, it's fine. When I just, when I think of you for even just a moment. Yeah.

Okay? By the way, who he's talking to?

[Student]
Ludrup.

[Geshe Michael Roach]
Oh, now he's talking to Ludrup? Yeah. Oh, yeah, yeah.

The second verse is to Ludrup. I see. Nagarjuna.

Yeah, yeah.

[Student]
Okay?

[Geshe Michael Roach]
So, Gyaltsab Je is talking to Nagarjuna. When I just bring you to mind for a second, what happens? Tak che tar.

Tar ta. I go, I'm free forever. I become free forever after this?

No. Oh, it's not that. Tapar and chepar.

Tapar, oh. These are the two extremes. Oh.

Either things are blocked. If I become free from the two extremes, I see. I become free from thinking that things are permanent.

No, no, no. Let's go from the end. What's a drachompa?

An arhat. But what's it mean? Someone who destroyed the enemy.

[Student]
Destroyed the enemy.

[Geshe Michael Roach]
This jom is destroyed. Right. Okay?

Nam par jom the riwo. Not, sorry. Nam par jompa.

I really destroy.

[Student]
Yeah, I ultra destroy. Okay?

[Geshe Michael Roach]
You gotta find one English word.

[Student]
Yeah.

[Geshe Michael Roach]
Obliterate?

[Student]
Obliterate.

[Geshe Michael Roach]
Okay? I prefer that when you get a Sanskrit... strengthener, like VI, VI, or number, jomba, don't say, very much destroy.

No. Find a single English word, like obliterate. It means, not just boom.

Okay? Like, find a single English word. Don't, don't hang up on the Sanskrit prefixes.

Okay? Don't, don't give me prefixes. I very much like to utpada, to upgrow, this dependent origination.

You know, like, come on. Find some English word that's stronger. Okay?

When you have number, find an English word which is stronger. Okay? So, you, you obliterate the riwo.

The mountain. The mountain of tarta. Extreme views.

No, extreme views. Which there are always two. Either the husband, is coming from him, or, or he doesn't exist at all.

Now, listen. In one presentation of the extremes, they are named from the logical consequence if you held the view. Oh.

Okay? So they don't, it's not an extreme to think he's coming from his own side. It's an extreme to think he would last forever and never change.

Because if he was coming from his own side, he would never change. So the extreme view, is the result of the view. Got it?

So that's why it's takpa? Yeah, not takpa, because we're not hanging ourselves on a rope. Takpa.

Yeah, takpa. Takpa. Okay?

Takpa means, he would have to never change if he were coming from himself. Therefore, the extreme view is called the view that things could never change. But it's not the view that things could never change.

It's the view that the husband is coming from his own side, which implies he could never change. Got it? So those two extreme views are named from the result of the view.

And what's the other one? Che. Put a naro on it.

Je.

[Student]
Naro. Che. Che.

[Geshe Michael Roach]
Dorje chupa. Cut. Yeah, then nothing exists.

Not at all.

[Student]
Nihilism.

[Geshe Michael Roach]
Yeah, nihilism. Okay? If he's not coming from himself, he's not even there.

If he's coming from me, he's not real. That's the opposite extreme. Okay?

He can't be coming from me. How can I kiss him? How can I kiss a husband that's coming from me?

Okay? That's called chepa. Two extremes.

The two ditches on the road. We talk about them in ACI. You know, you either crash into one side or you crash into the other side.

Which one is more common? Takpa. Yeah, takpa ta.

Takta. Takta is extremely common. Everybody in the world has it.

Even ants. Even bugs. But the opposite.

Oh, if he's coming from me, he must not exist at all. That's a developed view by people who got a bad explanation of emptiness. So it's very rare.

You know, among seven billion people, maybe all the American Buddhists, five thousand, they have this problem. The only people who got an incomplete explanation of emptiness can have the second problem. All right.

So tell me what those two lines mean. I bow down to that one. No, no, no, no.

Start with kang shi kechik. You can say bow down. Oh, I thought I was going to start with chak tsal lo.

I bow down to that one for even a moment. I go like, oh, I didn't get a good translation yet, but it's like, I bow down to the one for whom even a moment I recollect. For whom if I even for a moment recollect, I obliterate the mountain of extreme views of lasting forever or not existing at all.

Yeah, when I come home and I think the wife who's yelling at me is either not my fault or she can't exist. And then I just think of the name Nagarjuna. You know, I'm all chill.

I just chill. Got it? Okay.

And not just feel better. Jom. Yeah, destroy the mess.

[Student]
Yeah, yeah, yeah.

[Geshe Michael Roach]
I'm like, oh, I'm sorry, Aaron. What was I thinking? Yeah, what was I thinking?

You know, the word Nagarjuna comes to your mind and you're like, oh, wait, I'm so sorry. Let's have some dinner.

[Student]
You're working pretty well. Okay. Okay.

[Geshe Michael Roach]
Lame Tekchok. Lame Tekchok. So, supreme...

Hold on. Teg Chok Lam. Yeah, supreme way, path?

The path of the supreme way, meaning Mahayana, which is unsurpassable. Is that the Lame is unsurpassable? Yeah, well, it means nothing higher.

Yeah, right. No, it's now. Is it worth a footnote to say that Nagarjuna was a great Tantrika?

I mean, a lot of our Tantric stuff comes from him. So, the highest school of Tantra is called Lame also. So, it's a pun here.

Anuttara Yoga Tantra is the highest school of Tantra. So, maybe he's implying something, but maybe you don't want to over-footnote. Maybe it's something more appropriate to tell your students when you teach this book as soon as you finish it.

You might be over-footnoting to read it. It's up to you, really, but it's a little suspicious from my point of view. Okay?

I mean, it's suspicious. Okay, Lame Teg Chok Lam La. Chi Chepa.

Chi Chepa. Put in writing, I think? Okay, there's a verb in Tibetan called Chi Chepa.

It's not throne, by the way, not like Tri Rinpoche, which means throne holder. No, it's close to the same spelling. There's a prefix letter.

Well, sorry. Yeah, I'm getting there. So, nowadays, in colloquial Tibetan, when you say, my teacher's teaching a class, you say, Pecha Ti Gyore.

He's guiding people through the holy books. You don't say, he's teaching. Deng Gyore, you never say.

Pecha Ti Gyore. What's Geshe Rinpoche [?] doing right now? Can I go visit him?

No, no, no, he's Pecha Ti Gyore. He's leading through the Pechas. Okay, so Ti means to lead somebody.

This is the active verb tense. Ti. Okay, got it?

If you misspell it, it means cream, by the way. Without the vowel? Look up cream in Das.

I don't know where you misspell it. I think it's an S on it. Cream.

So, two Js, same thing. Two Js? The one who...

You can either try to catch both syllables. The one who undertakes to lead me on the highest path. Or you can just say the one who leads me on the highest path.

Oh, D-P-R-I is cream, sorry. Okay. And I bow down at your lotus feet.

Shab. Okay, Shab. Okay, I bow down to your feet.

My protector. Yeah, my protector in the garden. I bow down to your feet.

Okay. I just want to look this up. I don't know this word very well.

[Student]
Which one again?

[Geshe Michael Roach]
Solme.

[Student]
Solme. Okay.

[Geshe Michael Roach]
So here you can see how I look stuff up.

[Student]
Through the dictionary.

[Geshe Michael Roach]
Okay, Yosolmepa. Yosolmepa. Yosolmepa.

Okay, good. I got it. Okay.

Tubpay wangpo. Lord of power. Lord of the able ones.

[Student]
Yeah. Sanskrit?

[Geshe Michael Roach]
Ishvara. No. No, no, no.

Munendra?

[Student]
Munendra.

[Geshe Michael Roach]
Yeah, yeah, yeah. When I meets a, it becomes i, munendra. By the way, what's the real meaning of muni?

[Student]
The one who keeps mouth shut well?

[Geshe Michael Roach]
Yeah, the one who keeps mauna. Yeah, yeah, yeah. The one who keeps silence.

So the ancient... Some of the early Tibetan translations were called meaning translations and not... and not...

Sorry. Meaning translations and not word translations. And then they threw most of them out, but they kept a few of them.

Muni's one of them. So they call... In Tibetan they call muni tuba, which means the able one, who has capacity.

But the real meaning in ancient Sanskrit is the one who doesn't talk much. Okay. The one who keeps mostly...

who doesn't talk unless there's something important to say. We know people like that. I'm not one of them.

Okay. Okay. Good morning.

Nyangen de. Nirvana or beyond grief.

[Student]
Yeah.

[Geshe Michael Roach]
So is it correct to translate it as Lord of the Able Ones? I would. Okay.

I like it. So is it like to the Lord of the Able Ones? And gyur, gyur, gyur, gyur.

Present tense, ngyur. Future tense, ngyur. Past tense, gyur.

Okay. To change. To change.

Make it past tense, it becomes was. Was. Ah.

Okay. It just is a past tense marker [?]. Yeah.

Okay, gyur. When you see G-Y-U-R without an apostrophe, just think past tense. That's all they're trying to tell you.

It's not that he became nirvana. Okay. Okay.

So how are you going to translate it? Well, roughly, to the Lord of the Able Ones who went beyond grief. Well, it means after the Buddha went beyond grief.

After our Lord Buddha passed away. Okay. After he passed away.

Okay. After he passed away. Yeah.

Into his final nirvana, if you want to say it that way. De ten pa.

[Student]
Those teachings? His teachings.

[Geshe Michael Roach]
Yeah, his teachings. Became nidma.

[Student]
Degenerated?

[Geshe Michael Roach]
Yeah, degenerated. Okay, there's... Nidma is a whole subject in Buddhism.

There's five nidmas. Ages of degeneration?

[Student]
Yeah.

[Geshe Michael Roach]
Lifespan. Kleshas. Goodness.

Kleshas. Yeah, well. The body itself.

Yeah, anyway. And the way I learned Tibetan was I didn't learn it from a dictionary, I learned it from my teacher. And I just spent time with him.

You know? And to do that, I was his slave. Everything.

You know? So how I learned this word, I remember where I learned words. Yeah.

He had a cup of tea and it had tea at the bottom. And he says, look, that's nidma. You want to see what nidma is?

That's called nidma. It's the old tea at the bottom of the cup. Okay?

Nidma. Okay, nidma. Did he eventually speak to you in Tibetan?

No.

[Student]
Or was he much English?

[Geshe Michael Roach]
I was his English teacher, so he refused to speak to me in Tibetan. That's why I went to monastery. Okay.

Okay. Tenjung dennyi tunpay kye chikbu. So it's like dependent origination, suchness, emptiness, arise one by one or something?

This kyepa is a noun. And it's the same as kyewo [?]. Oh, people or...

[Student]
Yeah, person. Yeah.

[Geshe Michael Roach]
Okay? People who... The one and only person.

Who tunpa. who after the Buddha yeah yeah who teaches dependent who taught who taught yeah now tenjung denyi is a tough combination and what it means is the marriage of karma and emptiness it means the marriage of karma and emptiness tenjung dependent origination I always teach it in ACI right yeah two sides of the cell phone emptiness and dependent two sides of the same coin this is emptiness this is dependent origination they go together okay so it's so cool that he made a word he called it empty dependent yeah it's not even the emptiness out he just said empty dependent origination he's covering both sides some people understand one and don't understand the other by the way I'll debate you well who's the next person what's the fourth line start with Dawa Drakpa yeah which is yeah Chandrakirti okay so Chandrakirti was the only person after the Buddha's death who taught emptiness and karma he didn't say so because he qualified it with a second line oh yeah after Buddha had died and after his teachings degenerated between this the third century in the sixth century yeah yeah then you clean things up because to think about it there were no great teachers between Nagarjuna and well well Nagarjuna is supposed to live for 900 years so Daway Shabla to the so the one person who taught the marriage of karma and emptiness in the bad days after the Buddha died okay you got to make that clear okay because Nagarjuna was just above there okay Daway Shabla, Solme, I had to look it up it's a very rare word it means some kind of insincerity okay Solme it comes along with the word Yowa which means to be insincere no pretense no cunning yeah yeah so yeah I like it is means without pretense now you find a better way to say it why he said that it's kind of strange you know he should have said with great faith or you know with great love or with great affection but he said not insincerely well he's bowing down here to Chandrakirti well Chandrakirti is the person who commented on Nagarjuna maybe he's just saying you know I don't mean to compete with you you know because he just did Nagarjuna oh yeah you also now question here came up from Master Ben [?] is it la on or is it long is it a dip thong dip thong means two vowel sounds in one syllable is it la on you're allowed to read it either way to keep the meter okay you can say you can say la on or you well now I'll tell you if you're a teacher in the monastery and you hit long you make it two syllables because when you teach Buddhism you over pronounce you over enunciate it's a very interesting custom okay you say look if there's students listening to you and they don't have the book normally you say la on you make it just super clear to them so that's a tradition that's just a monastic tradition yeah and you just say it's super clear and you say it's super slow and you know by the way that's the punchline of the Pabongka [?] story because I didn't understand half the stuff is because he had no teeth okay the real meaning what they really had in mind by the way I would read the day as plural okay meaning Nagarjuna and Chandrakirti their thought gongpa yeah unmistakably sal ten [?] who taught it to me clearly who's he talking about he's about to bow down to Tsongkapa so to the the teacher who taught me clearly and without any error a real meaning of what those guys had of those of those two great sages three sages who did we have a Buddha up there no no oh you know what the first verse might be to the Buddha okay it doesn't say it seems cool in order or maybe he's meaning purposely ambiguous yeah if you take that to be Buddha and you take the second line to be Nagarjuna and you take the third line to be Chandrakirti and you take the first half of the fourth verse to be Tsongkapa that would kind of be logical yeah okay I think so yeah I would do it that way so now the day becomes how many people yeah three the what they had in mind yeah the day becomes those guys in three guys comes three guys their gongpa [?] so I'll say those masters lama chok now meaning Tsongkapa yeah Tsongkapa with respect with yeah I do or do or Chuck so I bow myself down it's another verb for to okay I bow myself down yeah okay but it's more physically bowing than prostrating it's bending it means bending so it's more it'd be more appropriate to translate it as a bowing bow myself down yeah well well start with Rigpa Drukchupa work backwards okay 60 verses on reasoning now whether we're gonna call it versus or I'll teach you how to do that anyway yeah the 60 versus on reasoning which was Dzepa yeah good by that Rigpay Wangchuk by the Lord of reasoning okay that Lord of reasoning me referring back to Nagarjuna okay shepar ja [?] is his promise to compose the work what's yeah well yeah I'll split it up for you I'm gonna tear it down for you you know I'm gonna find a word you know I'm gonna you know you think of it yeah it means that it means that I'm gonna dissemble it I'm gonna disassemble it I'm gonna disassemble it for you so here's the same beginning that we saw in whose text this morning I think it was de la dir means okay let's get to it okay de la dear just it's just a common way to start a book is this well

[Student]
now well now well now dakni chenpo I'll give you a cool thing

[Geshe Michael Roach]
dakni here is Atman yeah and chenpo is maha yeah Mahatma this is the Tibetan from Mahatma like Mahatma Gandhi and it means great being that great yeah dakni chenpo is the Tibetan translation from Mahatma okay that great being not Nagarjuna not master yeah so very few people in history are called Arya yeah Arya Asanga and Nagarjuna that's about it so can I can I say that great and realized being that great being comma the Arya yeah the realized one Nagarjuna is Arya a word that one of the Sanskrit words in interviews give me a Google search and if it's if it's if it's under if it's so under a million you can't use it yeah yeah I'm sorry yeah I forget it don't use it you know maybe in a hundred years from now I mean mantra wasn't in English language till the last ten years yeah that no the 60 verses which he wrote is shepar ja to be explained okay is the book I'm going to come in on that's the future tense of yeah you want to know the book I'm gonna come in upon it's that one called the 60 verses on reasoning which was written by that great being the realized one I just realized being for I end up this okay because they're not enlightened they're just realized they saw emptiness directly but they're not I got seven more minutes is that okay yeah we can make it I know you got to go downstairs

[Student]
I think you have to add to the Google rule that the first result should have

[Geshe Michael Roach]
that meaning exactly sorry so so to translate those first few lines it's kind of like well now I'm going to explain what I'm going to now what I'm going to explain are the 60 verses on reasoning which were composed by that yeah great he's just telling you what he's writing a commentary to okay that's okay down cheer then down is just a is a light segue er yeah now yeah so now cheer now oh yeah it's like generally speaking yeah okay in colloquial Tibetan and they get slurred into Cheetah and if you're from Kham [?] which my teacher was you want to go crazy you study with the llama who pronounces all the letters which is only some very small places in Tibet yeah Judy Judy they are generally speaking Katon [?] that would be ka yeah all the word of the Buddha uh-huh all the word of the Buddha the gongpa tartuk the ultimate and what he means here is the ultimate interpretation of all teachings of the Buddha okay the ultimate meaning the real meaning that Lord Buddha had in mind when he opened his mouth in all three turnings of the wheel was Uma chenpo the great middle way yeah yeah and then ten par [?] I want to demonstrate to you that that was the meaning that the books had I'm going to demonstrate to you that the real intent of every teaching in the Buddha was was Madhyamaka was Madhyamaka okay okay yeah and in order to do that he's gonna do something else okay yeah in order to show you that there then blah blah blah blah blah okay we still have four minutes ready this Kepa Kepa is often is often contrasted with cheer so you'll often get two sentences in the world the first one will start with cheer and the second one will start with care no the first one will say cheer generally speaking blah blah blah but Kepa more specifically comma it always relates to the sentence before so cheer and Kepa are common twins yeah they often come together generally speaking I want to demonstrate to you that everything the Buddha taught was Madhyamaka yeah but more specifically yeah okay Kyepar Nyentu Depa the listener groups which is gonna cover here okay non non Mahayana okay okay they believe kyewa and jikpa are wrong shiki dupa no it's a [?] Oh creation and destruction I like to call it starting and stopping because it's so it's so primordial okay nothing starts and nothing stops on its own long Shiki yeah if a pen runs out of ink it's not it's not because the factory didn't put enough ink in it it's because you didn't give enough pens away okay there's no starting or stopping that comes from its own side if you turn the key in your car and it starts it's because you give rides to other people it's not because of gasoline and electricity okay the basis of all reality is kindness yeah so beautiful if it were true you know not chemicals not not wood or iron or water but kindness is what makes the world go around that'd be so cool okay so Kyepar Nyentu they believe do they believe okay those are lop-toks those are views give us a slight give us a slight lecture about the spelling of Topa here yeah so it doesn't have an S no so lop-tok means wrong idea okay those wrong ideas I'm gonna gok yeah I'm gonna shut those down okay and and so to do that in order to do so it's not I'm going to it's in order to put a stop in order to put a stop to those wrong ideas more specifically to put a stop to those wrong ideas and more generally to prove to you that the meaning of all the Buddha's word is is Madhyamaka got it yeah in order to do that I'm gonna do something let's go let's stay with me you'll be a little maybe one minute de la yang drakpa Nyentu kyi dena [?] rigpa ten par [?] and you know I'm going to use logic rigpa ten par to set forth okay the meaning of the scriptures lung don okay of the listener track of the pitaka dena means pitaka their collection of sutras which de la yang drakpa which even they accept which are de la yang drakpa means even famous for okay so how am I gonna prove to you that the Buddha only the only thing the Buddha meant when he opened his mouth was emptiness my middle way and how I'm gonna prove your ideas are wrong I'm gonna show you the real meaning of the scriptures you believe de la yang de dag la yang drakpa means which even you which even you accept this sutra which are even renowned to be sutras among you guys okay go bye I wonder if Nagarjuna if this book was only addressed to Hinayana sutras I don't know yeah see ya oh by the way by the way one more statement I'm sorry I'm gonna change the the idea of those three guys to the idea of Nagarjuna only okay he says Tsongkapa you know in the third verse in the last verse fourth verse he says Tsongkapa gave that meaning unmistakingly there his real idea I take it now I'm gonna say it's only the idea of Nagarjuna because it is a known fact that Je Tsongkapa came and give a gave a lecture about the 60 verses to which Gyaltsab Je attended and then he wrote his book and we have a tiny record of 11 pages of Gyaltsab Je's notes and I think it'd be super sexy to

[Student]
put it at the end of the book okay bye so he's saying you know you taught me

[Geshe Michael Roach]
this book yeah and thanks and here's my version okay yeah I've never read those notes but they're gonna be interesting okay bye